The 1977 Formula One season was the 31st season of FIA Formula One motor racing. It featured the 28th World Championship of Drivers and the 20th International Cup for Formula 1 Constructors. The season commenced on 9 January and ended on 23 October after seventeen races, making it the longest Formula One season in the sport's history at the time.

Niki Lauda won his second championship, despite Mario Andretti winning more races. Jody Scheckter, competing for Walter Wolf Racing, took the first win of the season at the 1977 Argentine Grand Prix, while Shadow Racing Cars took their only Formula One victory in the 1977 Austrian Grand Prix. Gunnar Nilsson won his first - and only - Formula One race at the 1977 Belgian Grand Prix. Renault entered Grand Prix racing with the turbocharged Equipe Renault Elf, while the German ATS Racing Team took over the Team Penske entry. Lauda did not complete the season, having departed Scuderia Ferrari after winning his second World Drivers' Championship title at the 1977 United States Grand Prix. Ferrari won its third consecutive Constructors' title, with new driver Carlos Reutemann having a solid season.

The season was also marred by one of the most horrific accidents in Formula One history. During the South African GP on 5 March, Tom Pryce was unable to avoid hitting 19-year-old race marshal Frederik Jansen van Vuuren, who had tried to cross the track. The latter was killed in the collision, and his fire extinguisher struck and killed Pryce, whose car proceeded to the end of the straight where it collided with Jacques Laffite's Ligier. There was further tragedy as Carlos Pace lost his life in an aviation accident only a couple of weeks after Pryce's accident.